‘Millionaire’ Doctors and Demography in Russia
‘Millionaire’ Doctors Part of Solution to Demographic Problem
A total of 8,000 doctors in Russia became ruble millionaires over the
last two years, as the government seeks to attract young specialists to
rural areas to upgrade the quality of medical services, Health Minister
Veronika Skvortsova said Friday.
The government provided 1 million rubles ($33,300) in financial
support to each of the young specialists, who had agreed to move to the
countryside in 2011 and 2012 to work in local hospitals, she said at a
news conference after the Cabinet meeting.
The measure is part of the state program aimed at addressing the lack
of high-quality medical care in rural areas and targets doctors below
the age of 35. To be eligible for the financial support, a specialist
must move to a rural area for at least five years.
Increasing the quality of medical services is seen by the Kremlin as
one of the key measures to raising life expectancy and reducing
mortality rates, which remain twice as high as the average in developed
countries, according to figures released by the Organization for
European Cooperation and Development last year.
Providing high-quality medical services is critical, as Russia is
about to enter a period of birth-rate stagnation — a result of extremely
low birth rates in the 1990s, said David Melik-Guseinov, director of
the Center for Social Economy,
“A country’s demographic processes usually result from the past historical trends,” he said.
Current birth rates are ensured by the most productive group of the
population — girls born in the late 1980s who are becoming mothers now,
he said.
However, the situation is likely to change in two to three years, when the generation of the 1990s reaches child-bearing age.
Melik-Guseinov pointed out that very few children were born then, so
the number of those who could become parents in a couple of years is
extremely low.
“That means Russia will see the so-called demographic hole echo of
the 1990s,” he said. The country faced a similar stagnation of birth
rates between 1941 and 1951, as a significant number of would-be parents
had been killed during World War II, he added.
The upcoming echo of the demographic hole is expected to last for 30
to 40 years, so an overhaul of the country’s health care is the only way
to support life expectancy on acceptable levels and fight a population
decline during that time period, Melik-Guseinov said.
Recent measures to upgrade the health care system in the regions have borne fruit, Skvortsova said.
Increasing the quality of medical services allowed for a significant
reduction of mortality rates, which decreased 6.3 percent over the last
two years to reach 13.3 people per every 1,000 residents, she said at
the Cabinet meeting.
“More than 130,000 lives have been saved. With an increase of births
by 135,000, we saw an increase in population of 4,600 people in 2012
instead of the natural decline,” Skvortsova added.
The overall spending on modernizing health care in the regions over
the last two years reached 700 billion rubles, Prime Minister Dmitry
Medvedev said at the Cabinet meeting.
This sum was spent on, among other things, developing new areas of
medicine, supplying modern equipment to hospitals and providing
navigation equipment for ambulances, measures that are part of the
government’s effort to modernize regional health care between 2011 and
2013. A total of 50 billion rubles in state funds will be spent on this
in 2013, Skvortsova said.
The government hopes that the number of young specialists moving to
rural areas this year will remain at least on the same level as last
year, as program implementation will continue.
“One million is big money. They also get housing and a high social status,” Skvortsova said.
The sum is huge compared with the size of salaries in the country’s
health care system, which remain low, especially in the regions.
An average doctor’s salary reached 32,700 rubles a month last year
after increasing 13 percent from 2011, Skvortsova said at a meeting with
President Vladimir Putin last week. The salary of nursing personnel
reached 19,000 rubles, up 17 percent from the year before, she said.
Salaries for doctors and medical personnel are expected to increase about 7 percent this year, Skvortsova told reporters Friday.
first published in The Moscow Times
